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There exists a strong correlation among societal development, health and sanitation. World over governments and international organizations taking relevant measures to provide the basic human right of accessing the improved sanitation. In recent few years, Indian Government also has given due attention to sanitation through Swachh Bharat Mission, National Urban Sanitation Policy and the Jawahar Lal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission. In fact, one of the objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission is to make India Open Defecation Free (ODF) by 2019. In order to declare cities open defecation free, the urban local bodies need to ensure that adequate infrastructure (be it individual, community or public toilet) is provided and to have a robust operation and maintenance system to sustain them by establishing sound institutional and regulatory framework. Keeping this in mind, public sanitation in the city of Ahmedabad has been taken as a case study to understand the challenges in sanitation sector and suggest interventions for the same.