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This study conducts a Whole Life Cycle Assessment (WLCA) of a low-rise residential building in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, constructed using the Light Gauge Steel Frame (LGSF) system—an emerging prefabricated technology gaining traction in India’s residential sector. The assessment adopts the RICS WLCA Professional Standard framework, covering modules A1–A5 (material production to construction), B6 (operational energy), C1–C4 (end-of-life), and D1 (benefits beyond the system boundary), over a 60-year reference study period. Stages B1–B5 and B7 were excluded due to negligible impact on structural elements or data unavailability.