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Surat, a significant economic hub in India, faces escalating climate risks like flooding, heatwaves, and cyclones, worsened by rapid urbanization. Existing urban planning lacks integration of climate adaptation, leading to uncoordinated mitigation efforts. This study identifies policy and infrastructure gaps, using geospatial mapping and stakeholder engagement to analyze vulnerabilities and adaptive capacities. Key issues include ineffective drainage, inadequate wetland conservation, lack of stormwater harvesting, and weak community-based disaster preparedness. Recommendations focus on restoring wetlands, implementing stormwater harvesting, and enhancing resilience through participatory governance. Strengthened strategies are essential for addressing operational challenges and building Surat’s capacity to adapt to climate-induced risks.