Parvati Poduval

DRP

Co-learning with Bidri Artisans
Handicrafts are one of the most significant forms of craftsmanship that manifest the intangible of the knowledge systems to tangible forms of a product or an artefact. Bidriware is such an indigenous metal handicraft of Bidar, Karnataka, that is of great heritage value due to its origins in Bidar and an inheritance of the Bidri artisans. The craft is being practised till date where the artisans have been given several accolades for their inventions and development of the craft. The site of study in this research has been both walled city of Bidar and Bidri Colony. While both the locations of the craft habitat has been studied to understand the history and different craft practices, the focus of the study is Bidri Colony. Bidri originated in the period of the Bahamani Dynasty which deemed it a very valuable craft and promoted its training and spread. The craft is of inlaying silver into engraved metal alloy of zinc and copper. The design philosophy is based on the colour contrast of dark and white i.e. black base and silver pattern ornamentation. The patterns are often inspired by the cultural influences of different time periods, initially, it was Persian floral designs as the artist who brought the craft to India was from Persia, but with time the artisans have adapted the designs and products to suit the time and need of the customers. While earlier, the artisans created royal utilitarian artefacts, new product portfolios have been added such as souvenirs and furniture in Bidri art. Historically as the craft grew and gained popularity, the artisans were treated with immense respect as masters of such an exquisite craft. The Bidriware market was located in the walled city of Bidar from where the artisans worked and lived. The Kusum Gali, Chowbara Road was the historical location of the Bidri market. This street is one of the four main streets of the walled city, axially connecting to Chowbara (clock tower). Thus, giving the market a very prominent location within the walled city, further emphasising its significance. 8 Through time the craft has evolved and the artisans have adapted yet, there has been a decline in the craft due to the lack of support to the artisans. There have been several attempts to revive and popularise it through training and new design implementations. One such attempt to help the artisans with a working habitat was Bidri Colony. The Bidri Artisan Village was developed to provide each Bidri artisan with shelter and a workspace where they get better work opportunities. Bidri colony has been studied and mapped in depth in this paper due to it’s cultural value of the craft heritage. As most of the Bidri artisans practising in Bidar today stay and practice the craft from Bidri Colony, the place becomes very significant to be studied and to analyse the current status of the craft with respect to its sustainability and the issues faced by the artisans. It would also give an in-depth overview of the developmental model, its advantages, and disadvantages. The study would further outline the possible directions for interventions at policy, governance and infrastructural levels. The strategies for the conservation of the craft for the future are discussed as such a significant and exquisite handicraft needs to continue for its heritage as well as economic, cultural, and associational value to the place and identity of the people of the place. Overtime with the architectural interventions such as the Bidri Colony and socio-economic interventions of policies for artisans and crafts persons, the status of the craft should ideally have been elevated and the lives of the craftsmen should have become better. The study is an attempt to examine and evaluate and suggest ways for sustainable development of Bidri craft and the custodians of the art form living in Bidri colony.A subdivision in the interventions in policy, governance and habitat design is imperative to create long-term and short-term goal plans. These are significant from the point of view of right holders of heritage that is the craft community as the livelihood, living conditions, continuity of the craft and sustainability in the future is heavily influenced by the strategies undertaken towards the conservation of the craft. The short-term goals would ensure to reduce of the risk of the loss of values as discussed in section 10.4 and pave a way for the continuity of the crafts in the future sustainably. It would more importantly ensure that the practitioners of the craft, the artisan community would be in a better position to carry on their 114 inheritance while evolving with the changing times as their own life would improve. The long-term goals would be aimed towards the expansion of the craft to new paradigms, creating specific niche markets along with other crafts of the area improving the economic and bequest values of the craft. It would also help elevate the status of the craft and craft community, provide visibility and adapt. These interventions are further categorised into the scope of right holders and stakeholders, where it is explained which action should be taken immediately for the conservation of the craft.